{"id":4,"date":"2020-12-19T22:34:25","date_gmt":"2020-12-19T22:34:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8"},"modified":"2023-12-12T17:09:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T22:09:51","slug":"13-8","status":"publish","type":"ftm_section","link":"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/","title":{"rendered":"13.8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"bt-block block-divider pb-4 \">\n    <div class=\"stroke-current text-black-90 dark:text-white-90\">\n                                <hr class=\"border-t-10 border-black-90 dark:border-white-90\">\n                            <div class=\"mt-4 uppercase font-utility-headline-xsmall-alt\">Featured<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"\n        bt-block block-content-package bigthink-flex-row \n                        \"\n            >\n\n        \n<div class=\"card card-quote card-xlarge\">\n            <div class=\"card-headline\">\n            <p>&#8220;There can be no experience of the world without the experiencer and that, my dear friends, is us.&#8221;<\/p>        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"card-content card-stack !divide-y-0\">\n                    <p>&#8220;Before anyone can make theories or get data or have ideas about the world, there must be the raw presence of being-in-the-world. The world doesn\u2019t appear in the abstract to a disembodied perspective floating in space\u2026 it appears to us, exactly where and when we are. That means to you or to me right now. In other words, you can\u2019t ignore the brute, existential, phenomenological fact of being subjects.&#8221;<\/p>                                            <div class=\"w-full overflow-hidden mt-2 stroke-current text-black-90 dark:text-white-90\">\n                    <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1201\" height=\"23\" viewBox=\"0 0 1201 23\" fill=\"none\">\n  <path d=\"M0.292969 2.875H72.0156V16.7697L83.2779 2.875H1200.31\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"card card-thinker card-small-alternate !pt-0\">\n                                                            <figure>\n                                    <picture >\n            <source  width=\"40\" height=\"40\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=40,40\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg\" height=\"300\" width=\"300\" alt=\"adam frank\">        <\/picture>\n                                <\/figure>\n                                                                        <div class=\"flex flex-col justify-center\">\n                        <div class=\"font-utility-button\">\n                            Adam Frank                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"font-utility-subtitle-small\">\n                                Astrophysicist                            <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<article id=\"post-38948\" class=\"card  card-xlarge card-narrative\">\n\n    \n    <div class=\"card-media\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/science-truth\/\" class=\"aspect-w-16 aspect-h-9 block\">\n            <figure>\n                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?w=640&amp;h=360&amp;crop=1\" class=\"exclude-lazy\" alt=\"\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 95vw, (max-width: 1536px) 45vw, 677px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg 2344w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=20,12 20w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=40,23 40w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=80,45 80w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=160,90 160w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=256,144 256w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=320,180 320w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=480,270 480w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=640,360 640w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=832,468 832w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1440,810 1440w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1824,1026 1824w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=420,236 420w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=495,278 495w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=680,382 680w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=854,480 854w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=375,211 375w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/origin-77.jpg?resize=1280,720 1280w\" \/>            <\/figure>\n        <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"card-content\">\n    <div class=\"font-emphasis-eyebrow\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/\">\n                13.8            <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"card-headline\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/science-truth\/\">\n        Thinking thresholds: Is science the only source of truth in the world?    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"\n        card-stack\n            pt-4 border-t border-black-10 dark:border-white-10\n            \">\n        \n<article id=\"post-18174\" class=\"card  card-small-alternate card-thinker\">\n\n    \n    <div class=\"card-media\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/adam_frank\/\" class=\"aspect-w-1 aspect-h-1 block\">\n            <figure>\n                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?w=80&amp;h=80&amp;crop=1\" class=\"exclude-lazy\" alt=\"adam frank\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=20,20 20w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=40,40 40w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=80,80 80w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=160,160 160w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/adam_frank.jpeg?resize=256,256 256w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/>            <\/figure>\n        <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"card-content\">\n\n<div class=\"card-headline\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/adam_frank\/\">\n        Adam Frank    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"card-excerpt\">Adam Frank is a professor of astrophysics at the University of Rochester and a leading expert on the final stages of evolution for stars like the sun. Frank&#8217;s computational research[&hellip;]<\/div>\n    <div class=\"card-excerpt\">\n                    <a class=\"block underline hover:no-underline\" href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/adam_frank\/\">\n                Go to Profile\n            <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/article><!-- #post-18174 -->\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/article><!-- #post-38948 -->\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"bt-block block-divider pb-4 \">\n    <div class=\"stroke-current text-black-90 dark:text-white-90\">\n                                <hr class=\"border-t-0.5 border-black-90 dark:border-white-90\">\n                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"\n        bt-block block-content-package bigthink-flex-row \n                        \"\n            >\n\n        \n<article id=\"post-38624\" class=\"card  card-xlarge card-narrative\">\n\n    \n    <div class=\"card-media\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/oumuamua\/\" class=\"aspect-w-16 aspect-h-9 block\">\n            <figure>\n                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?w=640&amp;h=360&amp;crop=1\" class=\"exclude-lazy\" alt=\"\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 95vw, (max-width: 1536px) 45vw, 677px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=20,12 20w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=40,23 40w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=80,45 80w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=160,90 160w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=256,144 256w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=320,180 320w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=480,270 480w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=640,360 640w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=832,468 832w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1440,810 1440w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1824,1026 1824w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=420,236 420w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=495,278 495w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=680,382 680w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=854,480 854w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=375,211 375w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/A-big-lesson-from-the-\u2018Oumuamua-alienware-controversy.jpg?resize=1280,720 1280w\" \/>            <\/figure>\n        <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"card-content\">\n    <div class=\"font-emphasis-eyebrow\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/\">\n                13.8            <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"card-headline\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/13-8\/oumuamua\/\">\n        A big lesson from the \u2018Oumuamua alienware controversy    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"\n        card-stack\n            pt-4 border-t border-black-10 dark:border-white-10\n            \">\n        \n<article id=\"post-4185\" class=\"card  card-small-alternate card-thinker\">\n\n    \n    <div class=\"card-media\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/marcelo-gleiser\/\" class=\"aspect-w-1 aspect-h-1 block\">\n            <figure>\n                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?w=80&amp;h=80&amp;crop=1\" class=\"exclude-lazy\" alt=\"Marcelo Gleiser\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg 445w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=20,20 20w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=40,40 40w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=80,80 80w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=160,160 160w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=256,256 256w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=335,335 335w, https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=375,373 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/>            <\/figure>\n        <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"card-content\">\n\n<div class=\"card-headline\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/marcelo-gleiser\/\">\n        Marcelo Gleiser    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"card-excerpt\">Marcelo Gleiser is a professor of natural philosophy, physics, and astronomy at Dartmouth College. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, a recipient of the Presidential Faculty Fellows[&hellip;]<\/div>\n    <div class=\"card-excerpt\">\n                    <a class=\"block underline hover:no-underline\" href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/people\/marcelo-gleiser\/\">\n                Go to Profile\n            <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/article><!-- #post-4185 -->\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/article><!-- #post-38624 -->\n\n<div class=\"card card-quote card-xlarge\">\n            <div class=\"card-headline\">\n            <p>&#8220;What scientists say matters.&#8221;<\/p>        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"card-content card-stack !divide-y-0\">\n                    <p>&#8220;When should a scientist make public declarations about a cutting-edge topic with absolute certainty? I\u2019d say never. There is no clear-cut certainty in cutting-edge science. There are hypotheses that should be tested more until there is community consensus. Even then, consensus is not guaranteed proof. The history of science is full of examples where leading scientists were convinced of something, only to be proven wrong later.&#8221;<\/p>                                            <div class=\"w-full overflow-hidden mt-2 stroke-current text-black-90 dark:text-white-90\">\n                    <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1201\" height=\"23\" viewBox=\"0 0 1201 23\" fill=\"none\">\n  <path d=\"M0.292969 2.875H72.0156V16.7697L83.2779 2.875H1200.31\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"card card-thinker card-small-alternate !pt-0\">\n                                                            <figure>\n                                    <picture >\n            <source  width=\"40\" height=\"40\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg?resize=40,40\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/marcelo-gleiser.jpeg\" height=\"443\" width=\"445\" alt=\"Marcelo Gleiser\">        <\/picture>\n                                <\/figure>\n                                                                        <div class=\"flex flex-col justify-center\">\n                        <div class=\"font-utility-button\">\n                            Marcelo Gleiser                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"font-utility-subtitle-small\">\n                                Theoretical Physicist                            <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"bt-block block-divider pb-4 \">\n    <div class=\"stroke-current text-black-90 dark:text-white-90\">\n                                <hr class=\"border-0 border-black-90 dark:border-white-90\">\n   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